Influenza

Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a contagious viral infection that primarily affects the respiratory system, including the nose, throat, and lungs. It is caused by influenza viruses, which are classified into several types, mainly influenza A and B, both of which can lead to seasonal epidemics. Symptoms of influenza typically include fever, chills, cough, sore throat, body aches, fatigue, and, in some cases, gastrointestinal issues. The flu virus spreads through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. It can also be transmitted by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus and then touching the mouth or nose. Influenza is distinct from other respiratory infections, such as the common cold, due to its more severe symptoms and potential complications, particularly in vulnerable populations such as the elderly, young children, and those with underlying health conditions. Annual vaccination is widely recommended to reduce the risk of contracting the virus and its associated complications during flu season.