Economics

Economics is the social science that studies how individuals, groups, and societies allocate scarce resources to fulfill their needs and wants. It examines the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, and analyzes the behaviors and interactions of economic agents such as consumers, businesses, and governments.

Economics is typically divided into two main branches: microeconomics and macroeconomics. Microeconomics focuses on the decisions made by individuals and firms, exploring concepts such as supply and demand, pricing, and market structures. Macroeconomics, on the other hand, looks at the economy as a whole, analyzing aggregate indicators like national income, unemployment rates, and inflation.

Economists use various models and theories to understand economic phenomena, predict future trends, and inform policy decisions. The discipline is essential in addressing critical issues such as poverty, inequality, and sustainability, guiding governments and organizations in decision-making processes that significantly impact societies.